product name Melatonin
Description: Melatonin is a MT receptor agonist used as a dietary supplement in control of circadian rhythm. Melatonin is an indoleamine neurohormone found across plants and animals, produced endogenously from serotonin (5-HT) and secreted in animals as a regulatory signal for synchronization of the circadian rhythm and the sleep-wake cycle. Powerful antioxidant activity is associated with Melatonin, and it is known to provide protection to lipids, proteins, and DNA against oxidative damage.
References: J Biomed Sci. 2000 Nov-Dec;7(6):444-58; Prog Neurobiol. 1998 Oct;56(3):359-84.
232.28
Formula
C13H16N2O2
CAS No.
73-31-4
Storage
-20℃ for 3 years in powder form
-80℃ for 2 years in solvent
Solubility (In vitro)
DMSO: 47 mg/mL (202.3 mM)
Water: <1 mg/mL
Ethanol: 47 mg/mL (202.3 mM)
Solubility (In vivo)
Synonyms
other peoduct :
| In Vitro |
In vitro activity: Melatonin interacts with the highly toxic hydroxyl radical with a rate constant equivalent to that of other highly efficient hydroxyl radical scavengers. Melatonin reportedly neutralizes hydrogen peroxide, singlet oxygen, peroxynitrite anion, nitric oxide and hypochlorous acid. Melatonin is believed to scavenge the highly toxic hydroxyl radical, the peroxynitrite anion, and possibly the peroxyl radical. Melatonin reportedly scavenges the superoxide anion radical and it quenches singlet oxygen. Melatonin stimulates mRNA levels for superoxide dismutase and the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (all of which are antioxidative enzymes), thereby increasing its antioxidative capacity. Melatonin in cell-free systems has been shown to directly scavenge H2O2, singlet oxygen (1O2) and nitric oxide (NO*), with little or no ability to scavenge the superoxide anion radical (O2*-) in vitro. Melatonin also directly detoxifies the peroxynitrite anion (ONOO-) and/or peroxynitrous acid (ONOOH), or the activated form of this molecule, ONOOH*. Melatonin acts as a direct free radical scavenger with the ability to detoxify both reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species. Melatonin inhibits cAMP accumulation in most of the cells examined, but the indole effects on other messengers have been often observed only in one type of the cells or tissue, until now. Melatonin also regulates the transcription factors, namely, phosphorylation of cAMP-responsive element binding protein and expression of c-Fos. Kinase Assay: Cell Assay: |
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| In Vivo | |
| Animal model | |
| Formulation & Dosage | |
| References | J Biomed Sci. 2000 Nov-Dec;7(6):444-58; Prog Neurobiol. 1998 Oct;56(3):359-84. |
