product name Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3)
Description: Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3), a water-soluble vitamin, is an active component of coenzymes NAD and NADP, and also act as an inhibitor of sirtuins. Nicotinamide is also an inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1) enzymes. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is found as a DNA repair enzyme. The excessive activation of PARP-1, such as ischemia and trauma, can deplete cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as a substrate and leads to brain cell death eventually.
References: J Biol Chem. 2002 Nov 22;277(47):45099-107.
394.47
Formula
C26H22N2O2
CAS No.
410536-97-9
Storage
-20℃ for 3 years in powder form
-80℃ for 2 years in solvent
Solubility (In vitro)
DMSO: 23 mg/mL (58.3 mM)
Water: <1 mg/mL
Ethanol: <1 mg/mL
Solubility (In vivo)
2% DMSO+30% PEG 300+5% Tween 80+ddH2O: 0.4 mg/mL
Synonyms
other peoduct :
| In Vitro |
In vitro activity: Nicotinamide strongly inhibits yeast silencing, increases rDNA recombination, and shortens replicative life span to that of a sir2 mutant. Nicotinamide abolishes silencing and leads to an eventual delocalization of Sir2 even in G(1)-arrested cells, demonstrating that silent heterochromatin requires continual Sir2 activity. Nicotinamide results in a twofold increase in DNA content and a threefold increase in insulin content in the fetal cells. Nicotinamide induces differentiation and maturation of human fetal pancreatic islet cells. Nicotinamide regulates sirtuins by switching between deacetylation and base exchange. Nicotinamide switching is quantitated for the Sir2s from Archeaglobus fulgidus (Sir2Af2), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sir2p), and mouse (Sir2alpha). Nicotinamide selectively reduces a specific phospho-species of tau (Thr231) that is associated with microtubule depolymerization in Alzheimers disease transgenic mice, in a manner similar to inhibition of SirT1. Nicotinamide also dramatically increases acetylated alpha-tubulin, a primary substrate of SirT2, and MAP2c in Alzheimers disease transgenic mice, both of which are linked to increased microtubule stability. Nicotinamide fosters DNA integrity and maintains phosphatidylserine membrane asymmetry to prevent cellular inflammation, cellular phagocytosis and vascular thrombosis. Nicotinamide both prevents and reverses neuronal and vascular cell injury. Kinase Assay: Cell Assay: Previous findings suggested that nicotinamide had a protective effect against PARP-1-induced astrocyte death. The transporter-mediated uptake of nicotinamide, which was extracellular pH-sensitive and common to N-methylnicotinamide, was found to be critical for prevention of PARP-1-triggered cell death. |
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| In Vivo | Type 2 diabetes was induced in Wistar rats by streptozotocin followed by nicotinamide. Test compounds and standard treatment were continued for 15 days. Results showed that there was significant normalisation of liver antioxidant enzymes compared to diabetic rats, suggesting all the tested compounds were beneficial in reducing oxidative stress |
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| Formulation & Dosage | |
| References | J Biol Chem. 2002 Nov 22;277(47):45099-107; ScientificWorldJournal. 2014;2014:854267; Life Sci. 2010 Apr 24;86(17-18):676-82. |
