Bed and un-vegetated bed at azimuthal planes (30 60 90 120 and 160 at distinct

Bed and un-vegetated bed at azimuthal planes (30 60 90 120 and 160 at distinct bed and un-vegetated bed at azimuthal planes (30 , 60 , 90 , 120 , and 160 ) at unique distances from the abutment surface (4, six, eight, and ten cm). From Figure 8, it could be seen: distances from the abutment surface (4, 6, eight, and 10 cm). From Figure eight, it can be observed: (1) (1) The larger the distance from the abutment in the radial direction, the far more much more the bigger the distance from the abutment within the radial direction, the the skewness in thein the distribution pattern of tangential velocity, Palmitoyl serinol medchemexpress specifically atupstream face skewness distribution pattern of tangential velocity, particularly at the the upstream in the abutment in an an un-vegetated channel. Moreover, withthe improve in the face of the abutment in un-vegetated channel. Also, using the enhance the azimuthal angle (moving downstream), the skewness decreased. In other words, by decreased. other words, by moving downstream, the tangential velocity near the scoured bed tended to improve. (two) For the vegetated bed case, the tangential velocity profile distribution had an “S” profile (2) shape (changed close to the scour bed), and this can noticed at at azimuthal angles, exshape (changed near the scour bed), and this can bebe seen all all azimuthal angles, except the 160 cept the 160 . (three) Using the presence of vegetation inside the channel bed, the tangential velocity profile has (3) vegetation tangential velocity profile has two turning points triggered by the interplay involving the drag force, the gravitational the drag force, the gravitational prospective, and the momentum flux gradient. Such a result has been reported by Huai possible, plus the momentum flux gradient. Such a outcome has been reported by Huai et al. [48] and Shahmohammadi et al. [44]. et al. [48] and Shahmohammadi et al. [44]. (4) For the case with a vegetated bed, the velocity Antibacterial agent 82 supplier gradient near the channel bed became (four) For the case using a vegetated bed, the velocity gradient near the channel bed became damaging with the raise inside the radial distance from the abutment, specifically benegative with all the boost within the radial distance from the abutment, particularly in between five cm and 12 cm at all azimuthal angles, except the 160 . With the increase tween 5 cm and 12 cm at all azimuthal angles, except the 160 With all the enhance in in azimuth angle, the tangential velocity elevated slower than the case without the need of thethe azimuth angle, the tangential velocityincreased slower than the case with out vegetation in bed (Mostly at z 0.3h). vegetation in bed (Largely at z 0.3h).Water 2021, 13, 3108 Water 2021, 13, x FOR PEER REVIEW11 of 27 11 ofProfiles in the normalized tangential at distinct precise Figure 8. Profiles on the normalized tangential velocity u at unique azimuthal planes, with precise distances from the abutment surface (four, 6, 8, and ten cm) for the cases of of un-vegetated bed (marked from the abutment surface (four, 6, eight, and 10 cm) for the instances un-vegetated bed (marked by by red symbols) and vegetated bed (marked blue symbols). red symbols) and vegetated bed (marked by by blue symbols).For the case using a vegetated bed, it really is identified that the presence of powerful circulation about the abutment led for the reduction from the tangential velocity close to the scoured bed. abutment reduction of the tangential velocity close to the scoured bed. Figure 9 shows the maximum distinction tangential velocity between vegetated and unFigure 9 shows the maximum diffe.